When it comes to French antique furniture, armchairs hold a special place thanks to their elegance and sophistication. Each type of armchair has unique characteristics and functions, and many styles have persisted through various eras of French history. Let's explore some of the most iconic types of French antique armchairs, their features, and how they are finished.
1. Cabriolet
Cabriolets are elegant and lightweight armchairs, often associated with the Louis XV style but present in many later styles as well. Here are a few types of cabriolet backs:
Oval Back Cabriolet: These cabriolets feature an oval-shaped back, often adorned with delicate carvings. They provide a graceful aesthetic and are ideal for refined interiors.
"Chapeau de Gendarme" Back Cabriolet: This type of cabriolet has a back shaped like a gendarme's hat, with an upward curve at the center. This distinctive shape adds sophistication and charm.
Violin-Shaped Back Cabriolet: A violin-shaped back, or dossier violoné, mimics the curves of a violin, creating an elegant silhouette that is both artistic and comfortable.
Reversed Back Cabriolet: The reversed back, or dossier renversé, features a backrest that curves outward at the top, offering a unique and sophisticated design.
Medallion Back Cabriolet: Medallion back cabriolets, or dossier à médaillon, have a round or oval back that resembles a medallion, often richly decorated with carvings and motifs.
2. Bergère
Bergères are deep, comfortable armchairs with upholstered arms and a high back. They come in various styles and variations:
Bergère à Oreilles: This type of bergère features winged supports at the head level, known as "oreilles" or ears. These supports offer extra comfort and a welcoming appearance.
Confessional Bergère: The confessional bergère, or bergère en confessionnal, has a high back and sides that create a cozy, private space, reminiscent of a confessional. This design offers added privacy and comfort.
Turkish Bergère: The Turkish bergère, or bergère à la turque, often features a low, wide seat and an inclined back, inspired by the style of Turkish seating. This design is perfect for lounging and adds an exotic touch to any interior.
Bergère à la Reine: A bergère à la reine is a large bergère with a straight, high back. It is often associated with the Louis XV style and is characterized by its curved lines and carved motifs.
Bergère Marquise: Wider than the classic bergère, the bergère marquise offers increased comfort and generous seating space. It is perfect for living rooms or relaxing areas.
3. Crapaud
A crapaud is a low, fully upholstered armchair with a button-tufted back and often hidden legs beneath the upholstery. It is extremely comfortable and ideal for living rooms or reading nooks. This type of armchair became popular in the 19th century and remains a cozy option today.
4. Fauteuil Voltaire
The Voltaire armchair is a high-backed armchair with a slightly reclining back and often upholstered arms. Named after the philosopher Voltaire, who favored this type of seat for its comfort, the Voltaire armchair is usually associated with Empire or Restoration styles.
5. Duchesse Brisée
The duchesse brisée is a unique and luxurious piece, typically consisting of a chaise longue divided into two or more sections. This allows for flexibility in arranging the pieces, whether you prefer a single elongated seat or a separated armchair and footstool. The duchesse brisée often features rich upholstery and detailed woodwork, making it a statement piece in any room.
Incredible Variety of Woods
One of the most fascinating aspects of French antique armchairs is the incredible variety of woods used in their construction. From the rich, dark hues of mahogany and walnut to the lighter tones of oak, cherry, and beech, each type of wood adds its own character and charm to the furniture. Ebony and rosewood are also commonly used, particularly for more ornate pieces. The choice of wood not only affects the appearance but also the durability and feel of the armchair, showcasing the versatility and expertise of French craftsmanship.
Finishes that Add the Final Touch
French antique armchairs are not only distinguished by their styles but also by the finishes that enhance their beauty. Here are some of the main finishes you might encounter:
Polished Wood: Achieved through a meticulous process of sanding and polishing, this finish highlights the natural grain and color of the wood, giving it a smooth and luxurious appearance.
Varnished Wood: A protective coat of varnish adds shine and durability to the wood, preserving its beauty for years to come.
Blackened Wood: This finish involves staining the wood to a deep, rich black, creating a dramatic and sophisticated look.
Gilding: Applied to ornate carvings and details, gilding uses thin layers of gold leaf to add a touch of opulence and grandeur.
Painted Wood: Often found in lighter, pastel colors, painted finishes can add a whimsical or chic touch to the armchairs, making them versatile for various decor styles.
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